The Subversive Oratory of Andokides

Oratory was a vital element in the Athenian democracy. In this study Anna Missiou analyses the ideological content of the speeches of the crypto-oligarch Andokides (active c. 420–390 BC). Drawing on modern communication studies, she proposes a contextual and historical approach to oratory rather than one that concentrates on the speaker. She insists that there was a rational as well as an emotional element in the responses of both orator and audience, and that there was a tension between political equality and socio-economic inequality lying at the centre of Athenian democratic society. She suggests that the political ideology of a speaker can be evaluated in the light of his rhetorical techniques. A detailed analysis of Andokides’ arguments for peace in On the Peace with the Lakedaimonians reveals that the intense controversy in Athens over the continuation of the war with Sparta in 391 reflected class antagonism among the Athenians. Dr Missiou argues that the speech was essentially subversive, aimed at spreading pro-Spartan and antiwar feelings rather than persuading the audience to take a particular decision.

• Andokides was an Athenian orator in about 420–390 BC, at the time of the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta • This book could be described as a psychological examination of several of his speeches - reading between the lines to reveal his antidemocratic feelings • An original approach to a Greek orator - a combined historical and literary approach

Preface; 1. Introduction; 2. Civic virtue in the eyes of an oligarch; 3. The anti-imperialistic argument; 4. Sparta’s moral superiority; 5. Andokides, Athenian foreign policy and the principle of gratitude; 6. Rational argument and emotional appeal in the deliberation of 391; 7. The rhetoric of subversion; Bibliography; General index; Index of passages cited.