Margaret Cavendish: Observations upon Experimental Philosophy

Margaret Cavendish’s 1668 edition of Observations upon Experimental Philosophy, presented here in its first modern edition, holds a unique position in early modern philosophy. Cavendish rejects the Aristotelianism which was taught in the universities in the seventeenth century, and the picture of nature as a grand machine which was propounded by Hobbes, Descartes and members of the Royal Society of London, such as Boyle. She also rejects the views of nature which make reference to immaterial spirits. Instead she develops an original system of organicist materialism, and draws on the doctrines of ancient Stoicism to attack the tenets of seventeenth-century mechanical philosophy. Her treatise is a document of major importance in the history of women’s contributions to philosophy and science.

• First edition of this text since its publication in 1668 • One of the few texts published by a seventeenth-century woman on the topic of natural philosophy • Historical and philosophical introduction which places Cavendish’s views in their immediate context

An argumental discourse; The table of all the principal subjects; Observations upon experimental philosophy; Further observations upon experimental philosophy; Observations upon the opinions of some ancient philosophers.